Muslim Turkic States
Anatolian Seljuks (1074-1308)
Subtopics
Foundation of Anatolian Seljuks StateAnatolian Seljuks State was founded upon the settlement of a crowded Turkish population in Anatolia within a few years pursuant to the Manzikert victo…Kutalmisoglu Suleyman ShahAfter the suppression of the rebellion of his uncle, Kavurd, the Sultan Melikshah paid much attention to the conquest of Anatolia and assigned several…Invitation of the PopeOn the other hand, The Pope Gregorius VII had sensitively perceived the results of the entrance of Turks into Anatolia pursuant to the Manzikert victo…Agreement with the ByzantineSuleymanshah continued his conquests and he expanded his borders against the Byzantine within a short term of period. In order to recapture Iznik from…Death of SuleymanshahIn the course of the conquest of Anatolia by Turks, the Armenians in the Eastern Anatolia retreated to the western regions and started to establish ne…Pursuant to the Death of SuleymanshahPursuant to the death of Suleymanshah, Ebu'l-Kasim that he had left as his representative in Iznik obstructed the dissolution of Turkey Seljuks State…Kilic Arslan I (1093-1107)When Sultan Kilic Arslan ascended the throne in Iznik, there were various bey principalities such as Saltuk, Danismend, Mengucuk-ogullari in miscellan…The Period of Struggles with the CrusadesUpon the conquest of Anatolia and then the Palestine and particularly Jerusalem by the Seljuks State, the Byzantine emperors increased their attempts…Death of Kilic Arslan IThis last victory that was won against the Crusades returned the security and prestige of the Seljuks again and showed the difficulty of the passage f…Period of Sahinshah (1110-1116)Upon the death of Sultan Kilic Arslan I, his son, Sahinshah who was 11 years old was caught by Emir Cavli and taken to Isfahan. Upon these events, the…Sultan Mes'ud (1116-1155)Pursuant to the enthronement of Sultan Mes'ud, the emperor Aleksios Komnenos died and Ioannes II Komnenos (Yuannis) replaced him (1118). Upon these de…New Expeditions of the CrusadesWhile Sultan Mes'ud reinforced his power and influence in Anatolia, Imaddedin Zenhi had abolished the Crusade County of Urfa in the year of 1144. This…Kilic Arslan II (1155-1192)Sultan Mes'ud had divided his country among his three sons before his death. Kilic Arslan who had taken the capital city of Konya and its environs had…Myriokephalon War (1176)These victories of Sultan Kilic Arslan II were not overlooked by the Byzantine emperor. At the same time, on the contrary to agreement concluded in Is…Third CrusadeWhile the struggles for the throne took place among the princes in Anatolia, Selahaddin Eyyubi conquered the Jerusalem (1189). Upon this conquest, the…Period of DevelopmentUpon the death of Sultan Kilic Arslan II, the struggles for the throne became much more intensified among the princes. Giyaseddin Keyhusrev, the ruler…Rukneddin Suleymanshah (1197-1204)In order to reestablish the Turkish union that was undermined in Anatolia, Suleymanshah subdued the cities of Amasya, Niksar and Elbistan that were do…Gıyaseddin Keyhusrev (1204-1211)Due to the very young age of his son, Kilic Arslan III who replaced him, the Danismendli beys who were in the service of the Seljuk State collaborated…Izzeddin Keykavus (1211-1220)The senior officials of the state enthroned his eldest son, Izzeddin Keykavus as the sovereign of the state pursuant to the death of Giyaseddin Keyhus…Alaeddin Keykubad (1220-1237)Pursuant to Izzeddin Keykavus, Alaeddin Keykubad ascended the throne who had failed in the struggles for sovereignty in the throne of the Seljuk State…Precautions against the Mongolian ThreatWhile Sultan Alaeddin Keykubad was occupied with the affairs of Anatolia, the Mongolian threat was in advance from the central regions of Asia towards…Relations with Harezmshah StateHarezmshah State had shown great heroism against the invasion of the Mongolians, but it could not stop their advance. Their ruler, Celaleddin Mengubir…Relations with Eyyubi StateSultan Alaeddin Keykubad had spent his last years of his life with the struggles with Eyyubi State. IN the first fight that took place in the year of…Mongolian Invasion and the CollapsePursuant to the death of Sultan Alaeddin Keykubad, his son, Giyaseddin Keyhusrev II ascended the throne among the competitions of the commanders and b…Mongolian InvasionThe Mongolian invasion took place pursuant to the suppression of the rebellion of Babai. Mongolians who had invaded and destroyed Erzurum in 1242 atte…Collapse of the StateThe defeat of Kosedag is the beginning point of the decline and the calamities in the history of Anatolian Seljuks. Pursuant to the death of Giyaseddi…