Turkic Beyliks & Khanates
Crimean Khanate
Crimean Khanate (1438-1783)
Subtopics
Crimean KhanateThe Crimea was an important region within the Golden Horde Empire. Towards the end of the century XIII, Nogay had established his independent dominion…Hajji GirayHowever, the real founder of the Crimean Khanate was considered to be Hajji Giray and the oldest coin that bore his name was dated 845 (1441/1442). In…Establishment of Ottoman Dominion in the CrimeaPursuant to the death of Hajji Giray (1466), there was a long period of turmoil with the struggles for the throne that burst out among his sons. The r…Fights with the RussiansIn the year of 1502, Mengli Giray destroyed the city of Saray and attacked to the Golden Horde Khanate with his last raids. Then, he gave an end to hi…Sahip GirayIn the first period, the tribes in the Crimea led to the outburst of several civil wars around the rival khans against the Ottoman dominion and the es…Don-Volga ChannelThe Ottoman divan had started to negotiate solemnly about the organisation of a military expedition to the north towards Astrahan since the year of 15…Crisis Period in the Ottoman- Crimean RelationsBetween the years of 1578-1606 in which the Ottoman State had been involved in a long war with Iran and Austria, its need for the Crimean forces had i…The First Ottoman - Russian FightThe Ottoman Empire that developed under the administration of Köprülü family captured Podalia from Poland. Then, they established dominion over Kazakh…Loss of AzovHowever, the Russian tsar was able to capture the castle of Azov in the year of 1696 and he established his dominion in this place through Istanbul Pa…Start of Russian Expansion in the CrimeaThe war of 1768-1774 came to an end with a disaster for the Crimea. In the beginning of the year of 1769, the Crimean Khan, Giray Khan organised a suc…Şahin GiraySahib Giray Khan II that was elected by the Grand Assembly saw the danger that was approaching from Russia. Therefore, it became submissive to the gro…Invasion of Crimea by RussiansKuban Turks rebelled against Sahin Giray and they defeated the forces that he had sent. Since the Crimean people rebelled against him, the khan took s…Tragic EndPursuant to the World War II, the Russians forced thousands of Crimean Turks to get on the black trains and exile to Siberia on the allegation that th…Lands of the Crimean KhanateThe regions that were under the domination of the Crimean Khanate since the period of Hajji Giray Khan were consisted of the Crimean peninsula, Taman,…Nogay PeopleNogay people dwelled in the Kipchak regions. When Baron de Tott came to the region towards the year of 1767, most of these people were still leading t…Feudal Structure of the Crimea and the Tribal BeysAs it can be understood from the firmans and lands of the first Crimean khans named as Hajji Giray, Mengli Giray and Mehmed Giray I, the organisation…LandsThe lands and the subjects were divided and shared among the members of the dynasty of the khan and the princes as feoffs. The princes that possessed…Position of Kalgay and NureddinKhan and the sultans from his dynasty were superior to all these princes. Each of these sultans that were cited with the title of oglan (boy) in the f…Yavuz Selim's WifeThe appointments of the Khans, Kalgays and Nureddins were approved by the Ottoman Sultan. When the Crimean Khan ascended the throne, the ruler would s…State HierarchyThe general governors of the provinces of Kuban, Bucak and Yedisani, actually the commanders of Nogay people in this region were elected among the sul…Scholars of Muslim TheologyWe should not forget the significant status and role of the scholars within the state. Nearly all travellers (Evliya Çelebi, Peyssonel, De Tott) had i…ArmyThe army of the khan was composed of Nogay people and the palace guards as well as the tribal forces that were subject to the princes that we have sta…Political Role of the KhanateSince the beginning of the century XVI, the khanate had always considered Russia as their greatest enemy and it had tried to stop its advance towards…