THE RULE OF TE GRAND SELCUK İN MUSUL

The State of Grand Seljuk, expanding dramatically from the east to the west, was causing great impressions on Abbasi Caliphate. Tuğrul Bey went to Horasan from Baghdad due to the summons of Claiph Kaim bi-Emrillah and during this process he took Musul and Muzar near to it from the Arab Emir kureyş b. Bedran b. Mukallid b. Museyyeb el Ukayli. Tuğrul Bey married the Caliph’s daughter in 1057. He was made to wear seven layers of Killut and he was given a letter, letting him prevail in the way he wanted expect from the sultanate law. He was also dignified with ‘Sultanü’l-meşrik ve’l-mağrib and in the same year he turned the administration of Musul over İbrahim Yınal. After a short while, İbrahim Yınal rebelled with the inciment and backup of Arslan Besasiri, from the Turkish commanders of Fatimiler and Kaim bi-Emrillah the caliph. From the moment Tuğrul Bey leaved Bağdad to fight with İbrahim Yınal, Besasiri entered Bağdad in 1058 and had the sermon read on behalf of Fatımi Caliph el-Mustansır. Thereupon Tuğrul Bey got İbrahim captured in Rey with the helf of Kavurde Yakuti and after he had him strangled with the spring of his bow, he returned to Baghdad and made the caliph succeed to the throne again in 1060.

Alparslan, succeeding to the throne of Buyuk Selcuklu after the death of Tuğrul Bey, had given the administration of Musul to Serefu’devle Kureyş in 1067. After Alparslan passed away in a bottle by being assasinated, his son Melikşah replaced him. He was convinced for a war to the State of Mervani by Vezir Nizamulmuk’s son-in-law, Fahru’d-devle Muhammed b. Cuheyr and the army was commonded by Artuk Beyve Arabian Emir Seyfu’d devle.At the end of the war Diyarbakır and Meyyfarakin were taken so The State of Mervani was destroyed in 1084. After this war Meliksah The Sultan struggled with Musul Emir Serefü’d-devle Müslim and took over it. Despite the fact that he had to leave Musul to Muslim again, Müslim was defeated and Aksungurtayin, known as Kasimu’d-devlet, was appointed to Musul.

Struggles for throne, arising after the death of Melikşah came to and end by his brother’s being killed during the war held in Rey and Berkiyaruk succeeded to the throne of Büyük Selçuklu in 1095.

Berkiyoruk the Sultan appointred Kurbağa as Musul emir. Kurbağa’s status gained more importance when he was changed with arranging war against Crusaders. Crasuders entrered Antrakya and put the Muslim and Turkish people to the Sword. Unitred Seljuk army under the command of Kurbağa, who came to Antakya , could’t be successful due to the conflict between Syria emir and melik. Kurboğa had to draw his forces back to Musul . Thereupon Crusaders occupied Kudüs in 1099.

Muhammed Rapar, the governor of Gence, who is Sultan Berkiyaruk’s brother, rebelled against him and accomplished to go forward Rey including Azerbaycan. While Iraq emirleri backed up Berkiyaruk, his brother Sencer backed up Muhammed Topar. Berkiyoruk defeated Topar in the war made in Hemedan. Besides, his vizier Müeyyedü’l-mülk was taken prisoner and was killed in 1101 Topar and Sencer came together again and went forward Baghdat. But Caliph Muztazhir interfered with and they reached an agreement, According to this; Berkiyaruk wouid be known as “Sultan” and Topar would Melik, Although Muhammed Topar Arran ruled over Azerbeycan, Diyarbekir, el Cezire and Musul, after a Short While he daimed again that he was the Sultan. The agreement was broken. There was a war between two sides. Topar was beaten again and he ran away. But when Berkiyoruk become ill, a new agreement was reached, According to his; The state of Grand Seljuk would be divided into two sections and Muhammed Topar would be known as ‘Sultan’ in Azerbaycan, Diyarbekir, el-Cezire , Musul and Syria.