MUSUL IN THE TIME OF ZENGILER
Zengi, the commender of The Grand Seljuk Sultan Melikşah, was Aksungurs son. He was appointed as governor to Musul by Iraq Seljuk Sultan Mahmud in 1127. Atabey Zengi tried to set up a powerful army and to rule over around him, he arranged wars to Diyarbakir, Syria and so forth. Besides he ruled over Sincar, Habur, Harran, Nusaybin and awthorized in Haleb. Zengi struggled with Haçlılar for Halep in 1130. But he prefered to be at peace with Artuklular. However he authorized in South-cast Anatolia, Şehr-i Zor and North Syria where Artuklular had ruled over.Then he authorized Böriler as weu and attacked Esarib Castle, He defeated The King of Kudüs and occupied Urfa in 1144. Although Zengi authorized the Seljuk Sultan Mahmuds son Alparslan and signed a treaty with Mesud in 1146, he was killed during the Caber Castle Occupation. When Atabey Zengi died, Seyfeddin Gazi took over the administration of Musul the capital el-Cezire.
Seyfeddin Gazi took back Dara Castle, which Mardin Artuklu Hükümdarı Hüsameddin Timurtaş took, by means of a treaty. He struggled against Haçlılar together with his brother and he passed a way in 1148. After his death his brother Kutbeddin Mevlüd replaced him. But emirs wanted Nureddin Mahmud to be atabey so as a result of the treaty signed between Kutbeddin and Nureddin, Nureddin left Sincar to Kutbettin and took Hıms and Rakka in return to it in 1149.
Although Kutbeddin Mevlüd had advised in 1170 before his death that II. Imameddin Zengi replace him, atabeylik was turned over II. Seyfeddin Gazi There upon İmameddin called on Nureddin Mahmud to help him and Nureddin entered Musul in 1170. II. Seyfeddin Gazi accepted the treaty made and took Musul. Also Imadeddin left sincar. According to the treaty; Seyfeddin Gazi and İmadeddin would be under the icommand of Nureddin.
When Selehaddin Eyyubi ruled over Dımaşk in 1174, Seyfeddin Gazi thought that he would cause danger in Musul he started a war against Selahaddin. But Seyfeddin Gazi had to withraw to Musul in the war, made in Olbal el Türkman, at the south of Haleb in 1176. Then he passed away four years later. After the dcath of Seyfeddin Gazi, his brother İzzeddin Mesud became the Musul atabeyi regarding his enjoin ment. Mean while Selahaddin Eyyubi was determined to conger Musul. He occupied Sincar in 1182 but couldnt conguer Musul. According to the agreement reached between imadeddin and Selahadden, Halep would be left Selahaddin and Sincar would be İmadeddin.
When his third Musul occupation couldnt give a result and he understood that he couldnt deal with İzzeddin Mesud, Selehaddin decided to reach an agreement. According to this; İzzeddin Mesud would be up to Selahaddin Eyyübi and the lands between Şehr-i Zar and Zap would be given to Mesud. After İzzeddin Mesuds death, in 1193, Nusreddin neplaced him , following Nureddin Arslanşahs death ,in 1211, his son Nureddin el-Melik el-Kahir İzzeddin Mesud replaced him. As for the state affairs ,gulamı Bedreddin Lulu took on them. After he had been atabey for 7 years, İzzeddin Mesud was killed by gulam Lulu. Then Nasreddin Mahmud was made Musul Atabeyi by Lulu. When Nasreddin Mahmud died in 1221-23 or 1233-34 the rule of Zengiler ended.